Estimate series resistance and resistor power from supply voltage, LED forward voltage, number of series LEDs and target current.
Results are for information and preliminary estimation. For critical technical work, manufacturer data, local codes and qualified professional review take precedence.
R = (Vsupply − LED count × Vf) / I. Resistor power is P = I² × R. Verify against the LED datasheet and real forward-voltage tolerance.
Example: With a 12 V supply, one 3 V LED and 20 mA current, the calculation is about 450 Ω; the next standard value up adds margin.
Electrical and energy calculations are not final designs by themselves. Load profile, conductor conditions, protection, efficiency and local codes must be considered together. Sorsana tools are intended for preliminary sizing and scenario comparison.
A slightly higher resistance helps keep LED current below target as supply voltage and Vf vary.
Yes, while their combined forward voltage remains below the supply voltage.
Tell us if a calculation is unclear, incomplete or appears incorrect.